To address the lack of frequency-regulation (FR) resources in the sending-end region of the interconnected grid, the participation of hydroelectricity–photovoltaics and pumped storage complementary systems (HPPCSs) in auxiliary frequency-regulation (AFR) services is studied in the context of the construction of the electricity market.
Within the regional grid, frequency regulation is realized through the governor-primary motor. When the power disturbance in the system occurs, resulting in frequency deviation, the power regulation is completed by changing the output of the primary motor in the generating unit of HPPCS.
This proves that the solution of an HPPCS with an interconnected DC participating in an AFR service can maintain the frequency stability of the regional grid. Meanwhile, it can be observed that the maximum value of the system frequency deviation of solution 2 is 0.043 Hz, and that of solution 1 is about 0.056 Hz.
In recent years, for large-scale regional grids with a high proportion of energy delivery, the frequency stability problem caused by the power imbalance within the grid and the nonlinear time-varying characteristics of the system have gradually become more prominent [5, 6].
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